A tera-electronvolt afterglow from a narrow jet in an extremely bright #GammaRayBurst #GRB221009A: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.06372 -> A telescope happened to be pointing at the brightest #supernova yet observed: https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/06/a-telescope-happened-to-be-pointing-at-the-brightest-supernova-yet-observed/

More detail on Brightest of All Time – #gammarays
Beams from brightest #gammaray burst ever seen were pointed directly at #Earth
Boffins puzzle over #GRB221009A's shape unlike any other #astronomical electromagnetic jets, it is a strange structure #astronomers have never seen before. "It is 70x brighter than any other gamma-ray burst discovered in over 50yr of observation." Part of reason why e explosion is so bright is because beams were directly pointed at Earth
https://www.theregister.com/2023/06/12/gamma-ray-burst/ #space

A structured jet explains the extreme #GRB221009A: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adi1405 -> New study describes unique jet structure of brightest gamma-ray burst ever: https://mediarelations.gwu.edu/new-study-describes-unique-jet-structure-brightest-gamma-ray-burst-ever

Xinhua - China's space telescopes precisely measure brightest gamma-ray burst:

http://en.people.cn/n3/2023/0330/c90000-10229386.html

#GammaRayBurst #GRB #CAS #SpaceTelescopes #GRB221009A #Astrophysics #Astronomy

Rätselhafter Rekord-Gammastrahlenausbruch. Einige Antworten und viele offene Fragen zur stärksten je beobachteten Explosion. #Astronomie #Gammastrahlenausbruch #GRB221009A #BOAT https://www.scinexx.de/news/kosmos/raetselhafter-rekord-gammastrahlenausbruch/

How did gamma rays produce detectable electrons in the Gaia CCDs?
The authors surmise that a gamma-ray in close proximity to a nucleus can spontaneously convert into an electron and a positron. Another possibility is that a gamma-ray can be absorbed by a nucleus which subsequently emits protons or neutrons. The energetic charged particles (positrons, electrons, protons) ionize the atomic electrons of the silicon which leave a measurable track.
https://sci.esa.int/web/gaia/-/48902-gaia-focal-plane
#GRB221009A #Gaia #GRB
10/n

Interestingly, the ESA Gaia space observatory, located at the L2 Lagrange point similar to JWST, detected the GRB 221009A burst.
Gaia does not have a particle detector, but it routinely counts tracks created by charged particles on one its detectors, so that they can be excluded from the astrometric data.
On Oct 9, 2022, the unusual signal, shown in the graph below was measured, which was puzzling until news of the GRB came out!

https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/iow_20221109
#GRB #GRB221009A #Gaia
9/n

Where is GRB 221009A located in the night sky, as seen from Earth?
It is in the direction of the constellation Sagitta, close to the plane of the Milky Way.
Of course, it lies outside the Milky Way galaxy, 2.4 billion light-years, while the Milky Way is only ~87,400 light years across.
Skymap source: https://stellarium-web.org/
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy
8/n

This insightful graphic shows the locations of the dust layers for the 5 smallest X-ray rings (inset, circled) from the BOAT GRB. The thick line shows the direction to the GRB, and dark patches within it represent the dust layers that produced the X-ray rings. The smallest ring corresponds to the most distant dust, located about 61,000 ly away and 4,600 ly above the galaxy's plane.
Credit: NASA GSFC
Source: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy
7/n

Il potente lampo di #raggigamma scoperto il #9ottobre 2022 è un evento estremamente raro, che si verifica una volta ogni diecimila anni. Le osservazioni, realizzate da #telescopi nello #spazio e a terra con forte coinvolgimento italiano, saranno determinanti per comprendere le colossali esplosioni da cui hanno origine i lampi gamma.

#grb #gammarayburst #Grb221009A #boat #nasa #asi #eso #scienza #astronomia #inaf

https://www.media.inaf.it/2023/03/28/grb-221009a-press-release/

How the ESA X-ray satellite XMM-Newton saw the famous #dust-scattering rings of #GRB221009A, from https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2023/03/XMM-Newton_captured_dust_rings_from_gamma-ray_burst_221009A - there is now an ApJL Focus Issue on this Ultra-luminous #GammaRayBurst with many OA papers at https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/apjl-230323-172_Focus-on-the-Ultra-luminous-GRB-221009A many of which were discussed at the press conference https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-fonxRLNyA and are summarized in the press releases https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Brightest_gamma-ray_burst_illuminates_our_galaxy_as_never_before and https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-missions-study-what-may-be-a-1-in-10000-year-gamma-ray-burst and https://www.seti.org/press-release/capturing-unseen-seti-institute-and-oxford-university-astronomers-discover-early-radio-emission with many visuals in https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317

GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of #GRB221009A - the Standard-Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyper-Luminous Gamma-Ray Burst: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.06225?fbclid=IwAR2jjtRf6X-PHKIOdWWqh1qGN2jA91ZZhgWl62XNA6PpKlB9HoCx7j0jDRo (with the GRANDMA Collaboration including observations from more than 30 professional and amateur telescopes).

Dust-scattering rings of #GRB221009A as seen by the Neil Gehrels #Swift satellite: can we count them all? https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02383 ("We find a total of 15 dust concentrations (with hints of even more) that span about 25 kpc in depth and could be responsible for the highly structured X-ray angular profiles. By comparing the relative scattered fluxes of the five most prominent rings we show that the layer with the largest amount of dust is located at about 1.1 kpc away from us").

Matt Williams - Astronomers Just saw the Most Powerful Gamma-ray Burst Ever Recorded:

https://www.universetoday.com/158132/astronomers-just-saw-the-most-powerful-gamma-ray-burst-ever-recorded/

#GammaRayBurst #GammaRay #GRB #GRB221009A #GeminiSouth #Astrophysics #Astronomy

quote :
天文學家最終發現 #GRB221009A 的來源距離地球約 24 億光年，目前至少有 50 台望遠鏡正在觀察事件的所有波長，很可能是由一顆質量高達太陽 30 倍的大質量恆星坍縮引起

https://technews.tw/2022/10/20/grb-221009a-gamma-ray-black-hole/

#GRB221009A, the most powerful gamma-ray burst ever detected to date, was recorded just three days ago.

It most likely originated in a galaxy 2.4 billion light-years away, therefore, even if it got to our planet only now, the supernova that originated it most likely already turned into a black hole when multicellular life wasn't even a thing on Earth.

At the same time of the burst, #NASA confirmed a disturbance in the ionosphere on the band between 19.6 and 63.9 kHz reported by 8 radio stations around the world.

Let that sink in from a moment. A supernova that exploded in a distant galaxy in a time when jellyfishes weren't around yet, was so powerful that its echo created ripples in our radio communications today.

Now imagine what could have happened to planets that were much closer to the explosion.

These are the kind of things that really help me put everything in perspective.

https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/32744.gcn3

#GRB221009A
#Astronomy #Picture of the Day

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap221015.html

#APOD