#AnthropoceneDefinition
> it might lead to greater political action or awareness of the problem. But I do feel that it is important to note that there have been several resignations from #AWG over the narrowness of this definition because effectively, it ignores the prehistory of this problem which goes back three or four centuries to the invention of an #ExtractivistEconomy, which is what my book The #NutmegsCurse is about.
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/interviews/climate-change/there-are-so-many-problems-with-the-anthropocene-definition-amitav-ghosh-90928
#AmitavGhosh on #TheAnthropocene

> During the Second World War the American military’s consumption of petroleum amounted to one gallon of petroleum per soldier per day; during the first Gulf War this rose to four gallons per soldier per day; in the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the rate of consumption surged to sixteen gallons per soldier per day.
--- #AmitavGhosh #NutmegsCurse #FossilFuelMilitary #FossilFuelsWar #GulfWar #SecondWorldWar

> .. the regions now most underdeveloped and poverty-stricken are those which in the past had had the closest links with the metropolis and had enjoyed periods of boom.. Having once been the biggest producers of goods exported to Europe, or.. the #USA, and the richest sources of capital, they were abandoned by the metropolis.. when business sagged. #Potosí is the outstanding example of this descent into the vacuum.
#EduardoGaleano #OpenVeinsOfLatinAmerica on #ResourceCurse, #NutmegsCurse

#AmitavGhosh made me senstive how #DavidBahr talks of the #GreenlandIceSheet as a living thing, trying to recover and regulate itself. In #GreatDerangement and #NutmegsCurse Ghosh gets us to see the landscape, mountains, forests.. as makers of meaning,: participants in stories. There are a lot of little mountain shrines in Japan, and sacred little spots by the seas. Maybe we all need a place we choose as a center, and refuse to let it be sold or damaged. Gotta read #BecomingNativeToThisPlace.

> .. the #Pentagon is the single largest consumer of energy in the #UnitedStates.. the world. The #USMilitary maintains vast fleets of vehicles, ships, and aircraft.. [that] consume huge amounts of #FossilFuels. A non-nuclear aircraft carrier consumes 5,621 gallons of fuel per hour.. as much fuel in one day as a small midwestern town.. in a year.. a.. F-16 aircraft consumes a third as much fuel in one hour.. around 1,700 gallons.. [with] afterburners.. 14,400 gallons.
#AmitavGhosh #NutmegsCurse

> The U.S. military is by some accounts the largest single consumer of petroleum in the world. In 2011, the Department of Defense released, at minimum, 56.6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent into the atmosphere, more than the U.S.-based operations of ExxonMobil and Shell combined.
#NaomiKlein #ThisChangesEverything is great to read along with #AmitavGhosh. She has me, after #GreatDerangement, re-reading pages of #NutmegsCurse . I ended up reading the books in reverse chronological order.

> ..our gaze.. [is] turning.. the uncanny and improbable.. are beating at our doors.. have stirred a.. recognition.. awareness that humans were never alone.. always.. surrounded by beings.. who share elements of that which we had thought to be.. distinctive.. the capacities of will, thought, and consciousness.
#AmitavGhosh with The #GreatDerangement has me thinking of chickens and #Magpie's song on #LivingPlanet, #TheLandKnowsYoureThere. Great read after #HungryTide and #NutmegsCurse

> ..to completely chase all the #Bandanese from the land.. as efficiently as possible.. a contingent of eighty Japanese mercenaries to his forces: they are #ronin, or #MasterlessSamurai. Not only are they cheaper and hardier than European #soldiers, they are also professional #swordsmen and highly skilled #executioners, experts in the arts of #decapitation and #dismemberment.
#AmitavGhosh in #NutmegsCurse on #Samurai #mercenaries for the #Dutch in #Indonesia's #BandaIslands #Amboyna

#AmitavGhosh starts _The #NutmegsCurse here among #Indonesia's #BandaIslands. It's great book: several of #Ponsonby and #AnneMorelli's Principles of #WarPropaganda start here in #Ambon, or #Amboyna later. The #Dutch traded #Manhattan for the little island #Run. It's so small you need to focus-in on a focus-in of a part of a map covering from India to New Guinea. the map is from p12 of #AlisonGames _Inventing the #English #Massacre, Amboyna.. (Previous posts mistakenly tagged #AmitovGhosh)

> The deep cold.. and extreme weather events..resulted in a series of droughts, floods and harvest failures that led to forced migrations, wars and revolutions. The fatal synergy between human and natural disasters..[killed] perhaps one-third of the human population.
> There are two ways to consider the impact of #ClimateChange.. predict the future based on current trends or.. study a well-documented episode of the past.
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/23/opinion/sunday/lessons-from-the-little-ice-age.html
I saw #GeoffreyParker in #NutmegsCurse

The #NutmegsCurse by #Amitav Ghosh keeps making me think of scenes from #HayaoMiyazaki's #宮崎駿 movies: a river god purging pollution in #SpiritedAway #千と千尋 the noise and smoke from the Industrial town in #PrincessMononoke #もののけ姫, along with the little forest spirits, the big deer god. #水俣曼荼羅 #MinamataMandala's producer #HaraKazuo said the #LocalGods of a place #地神 #地公神 take part in movies. It would be interesting to see #原一男 talk with #DaviKopenwa about the #xapiri of the #Amazon.

> ..global trade shaped people’s fate.. not be as glorious as we’ve heard. The spice trade brought fortunes for.. Europeans, but it acted like a curse for the islanders. Once [nutmeg] lost its value, they were all forgotten... reflection on what is still so common.. While history.. provides us.. lessons, we only can learn them if we are aware of it..
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/article/the-spice-trades-forgotten-island
#NutmegsCurse #Indonesia #Banda #Run #Manhattan #FreeTrade #Monopoly #SpiceTrade #MuhammadFadli

> With the aid of #Japanese #mercenaries, the Dutch launched several military expeditions against the Bandanese.. conquest culminated in the #Banda #massacre.. 2,800 #Bandanese killed.. 1,700 enslaved.. Along with starvation and constant fighting, the Bandanese.. could not continue to resist. and negotiated a surrender in 1621. Jan Pieterszoon Coen.. expelled the remaining 1,000..the #Dutch secured their valuable #monopoly on the #spice trade.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_conquest_of_the_Banda_Islands
#NutmegsCurse #浪人 #侍 #傭兵

"..going back to the #Enlightenment, the 17th century .. we get this #mechanistic vision of the Earth as something that’s dead, as something that really exists only to provide people, you know, powerful human beings, with resources. And I think, at bottom, we just have to move away from that, move away completely to a different way of envisioning the #earth "
https://www.democracynow.org/2021/11/10/the_nutmegs_curse
#AmitovGhosh #writer not #mechanist #NutmegsCurse reminds me of #Galeano #stories #killed by #resourcecurse