Our Research Integrity Manager @mattjhodgkinson Hodgkinson spoke to Gemma Conroy at @Nature about the use of ChatGPT and other generative AI by paper mills.

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02477-w

#PublicationEthics #NatureNews #ChatGPT #PaperMills #AIethics

A new #ForBetterScience post about two Ukrainian #PaperMills:

👉 https://forbetterscience.com/2023/09/04/ukrainian-papermills-symptom-not-a-cause/

It's a shame that at a time when many 🇺🇦 scientists are fighting and dying at the front, fraudsters from science are buying fake publications and citations, and post-Soviet rectors are also signing agreements with these parasites!

#ghostwriting #misconduct #coauthorship4sale

"STM Solutions, the standards and technology arm of STM , is developing the Integrity Hub on behalf of STM members. Current activities include creating a Paper Mill Checker Tool and a Duplicate Submission Detection Tool."
- Deborah Kahn, COPE trustee 🧵

https://publicationethics.org/news/paper-mills-united-act

#PublicationEthics #PaperMills #JournalPublication #ResearchIntegrity #ScienceAndTechnology #STMAssociation #CommitteeOnPublicationEthics

"Somebody should employ lots of people like [Elisabeth] Bik to check quality. However, “somebody should” is a dangerous phrase, because it could easily mean nobody will." - @aidybarnett of @aimos

https://theconversation.com/scientific-fraud-is-rising-and-automated-systems-wont-stop-it-we-need-research-detectives-206235

#ResearchIntegrity #PaperMills #ScientificFraud

#papermills #scigen #mathgen #chatGPT #générationtextes #citations
#publicationscientifique

Typically, these #papermills make money by selling publications and citations in indexed journals. There are three primary ingredients for running a successful sham journal: 1) consistent publication of new issues regardless of the number of submissions, i.e. establishing a consistent presence 2) being indexed by Web of Science and the like, and 3) a customer base of authors eager for rapid publication and increased citation numbers who are willing to pay for skipping peer review.

Tom Hunter at Frontiers notes that trust falls down at scale, with a recent industry-wide increase in retractions due to fake #PeerReview, #PaperMills, image issues, and forged authorship.

Editorial screeners use AIRA, an internal tool, to flag up potential integrity concerns. Editors are warned about likely low quality reviews. Every article needs two qualified endorsing reviewers to be publishes. The #ResearchIntegrity auditing team also does large-scale checks.

#EASEevents

Solutions from @catmacOA to #PeerReview manipulation and #PaperMills:

* Open peer review
* Open science
* Address perverse incentives

Ethics of #PeerReview: @catmacOA presents about when things go wrong.

Manipulation at scale by #PaperMills and peer review rings is rife in the industry, esp. in special issues. In a year, Hindawi identified 1700+ compromised articles to retract, using data analysis and manual checks. Mass retraction, using a standardised notice, does not wait for author responses if there is a sufficient signal of manipulation or paper mills.

#EASEevents #PublicationEthics

Many of the common reasons for #retractions are misconduct, says @ivanoransky

Some are detected better than before, e.g. image manipulation/duplication, redundant publication, & plagiarism; some are rising, e.g., fake #PeerReview & #PaperMills.

#UKRIOevents #PublicationEthics

Pulling your hair out because of paper mills? COPE has practical guidance on tackling systematic manipulation of the publication process.

https://doi.org/10.24318/x0mN3xfd

#PublicationEthics #PaperMills #Retractions #CommitteeOnPublicationEthics #C0PE

RT @C0PE
New guidance!
For editors and publishers dealing with paper mills.
- Empowering decision-making at batch level
- Supporting timely investigations
- Practical steps for editors
http://ow.ly/maCW50NZHxb
#PaperMills
#PublicationEthics
#Retractions
#ResearchIntegrity

Sanctioning of 50 journals raises concerns over special issues in ‘mega-#journals’

👉 "When you issue a death penalty to a journal like they’ve done, you create a huge disincentive for publishers to be open and transparent where #papermills and #retractions are concerned"

https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/sanctioning-of-50-journals-raises-concerns-over-special-issues-in-mega-journals/4017315.article#commentsJump

#Clarivate #Webofscience #Hindawi #publishing #research

Universities may be motivated to a good and ethical part of the research community, but they may be constrained by government policy, university rankings, etc., says @briannosek.

We can make misconduct harder to do, focus less on papers and more on peer review, and alter incentives.

To undermine the market for #PaperMills and #PredatoryJournals,
Brian provocatively suggests a no-fee journal that will publish all submissions.

#PublicationEthics
#ResearchAssessment #ResearchCulture

#OpenScience isn't enough for the challenge of #PaperMills, says @briannosek. We see symptoms, but the cause is incentives: researchers must publish! However, they may lack resources, time, training, community, and institutional support.

Researchers can be intrinsically motivated to have integrity, but if they'll lose their job by being ethical then this is a big ask. We need to change how researchers earn rewards and gain resources.

#PublicationEthics #ResearchCulture #ResearchAssessment

Having more information about someone, e.g., through
@ORCID_Org, helps detect fraud. The longer you have a relationship with someone the more trust you have, says
@Adamsci12

#PaperMills can spotted via dual submissions, e.g., with https://rapidapi.com/clear-skies-clear-skies-default/api/article-tracker

If you share methods to spot paper mills, more publishers can use them - but bad actors can work round them.

Adam decided to share, as publishers can screen prior publications and submissions.

#PublicationEthics #OpenScience #OpenMethods

Post-publication #PeerReview like on @PubPeer can help tackle #PaperMills says @deevybee.

Editors of special issues who have PubPeer comments handle unusually high numbers of articles, unusually quickly. https://psyarxiv.com/6mbgv

Mandatory pre-registration of studies has been suggested by
Jennifer Byrne to be a possible solution to fraudulent paper mills, as this may impede them churning out articles from a template.

#OpenScience #PreRegistration

When @deevybee started research, fraud was said to be rare. With a market in fraudulent articles & the sale of citations, it is rife. Using an analogy to viruses, we need to inoculate journals, quarantine papers, and be aware of the mutations as #PaperMills evade defences.

#OpenData may ward off paper mills as most say 'data is available on request' rather than making it available.

Open #PeerReview may expose fake reviewing. Naming can be optional; transparency shows cursory & reused comments.

There's a "perfect storm" of paper mills and reliance on legacy systems that is causing huge problems for publishers, says
@catmacOA chairing yesterday's #OASPA webinar "Scholarly Communication in Crisis". What are the solutions? #PublicationEthics #PaperMills #OpenScience

Thread from
https://twitter.com/UKRIO/status/1648697899180539904

"Academic publishers have released an online tool to spot products from “paper mills” or unauthorised outfits paid to fabricate scientific submissions, as the industry tries to boost trust by clamping down on a surge in fake research studies amplified by the use of artificial intelligence."

@FinancialTimes report on the new STM Integrity Hub, built to tackle #ResearchIntegrity problems across publishers.

https://www.ft.com/content/1e49f64b-e8ab-48c0-8890-b33be56e5c31

#PublicationEthics #PaperMills #AIethics #JournalPublishing #STM