Meta-analysis finds “little reliable evidence linking emotions to differential reliance on heuristics or more evidence-based criteria in voter decision-making.”

https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12819

#decisionScience #JDM #reliability #Psychology #dualProcessTheory https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ajps.12819?saml_referrer

"Human-Like [Cognitive] Biases Emerged in Language Models—and Disappeared in #GPT4"

"#LLMs like #GPT3 are able to solve the... math problems ...to correctly respond to [reflection tests and t]hey [know] enough to spot the untrue assumptions in the semantic illusions [but exhibit] intuitive behavior.... How...can the drastic decrease in intuitive behavior in ChatGPT and GPT-4 be explained?"

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07622

#AI #dualProcessTheory #cogSci #decisionScience #psychology

Duped by association?

"individuals of lower cognitive-ability level [we]re more susceptible to #misinformation in general, [but] those of higher cognitive-ability level [we]re more susceptible to associatively inferred misinformation. Different from the idea that misinformation is attractive to “lazy” people, our study implies that...."

Sample sizes of 700-1500 mTurk workers: https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/22166

#Logic #CriticalThinking #DecisionScience #CogSci #SocialMedia #Journalism #DualProcessTheory

A head-scratching result:

Chinese nationals' perceived credibility of information was increased after either #reading the information aloud or answering questions about it (compared to a control group)——even when the information was false!

https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/19274

#Misinformation #FakeNews #Epistemology #DualProcessTheory

If emotion is supposed to inhibit reflection, then difficulty regulating emotion should correlate with reflection test performance, right?

The evidence of this in a convenience sample (N > 100) of high school students and professionals in finance didn't find many correlations. The few correlations they did find were detected in either men (e.g., base rate neglect) or women (reflection test), but not both.

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/npe0000172

#DualProcessTheory #emotion #cogSci

Performance on the cognitive reflection test and base rate neglect tests (Analytic cognitive style) did not significantly predict moral judgments about "disgust-eliciting vignettes" (above and beyond other factors) in about 400 Swedish participants.

https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1746435/FULLTEXT01.pdf

#MoralPsychology #DualProcessTheory #xPhi #DecisionScience #Ethics #MoralFoundationsTheory

In 3 priming experiments about politics, morality, and race, "behavior was most often guided by either deliberate cognition or else …unspecified processes" (rather than "prime-related automatic cognition").

Authors think that #ProcessDissociation is key to revealing this pattern (previews from the #OpenAccess paper in pictures): https://sociologicalscience.com/articles-v10-4-118/

#DualProcessTheory #ProcessTracing #Research #Methods #Sociology

People who were better at estimating the difficulty of remembering word pairings were also better at a #reflection test.

Curiously, those "high monitoring" participants performed just as poorly on the reflection test as "low monitoring" peers if they were exposed to a 5-6 minute bundle of "negative emotion" video clips.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1110211

#CriticalThinking #Emotion #DualProcessTheory #DecisionScience #CogSci

Depressive symptoms associated with lower levels of deontological response patterns on (process dissociation) moral dilemma batteries (N = 70)—an effect that may explain correlations between depression level and so-called utilitarian response patterns on (traditional sacrificial) moral dilemmas (N > 1700):

Open access article: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24473-2

#MoralPsychology #Psychiatry #Ethics #Philosophy #xPhi #DualProcessTheory #Dilemma

#Emotion words were used less by #Spanish bilinguals that read and wrote about whether to sacrifice someone to save lives (on footbridge #trolleyProblem) in their #secondLanguage (#English).

Using their 2nd #language also led to more #utilitarian #moral decisions and arguments—an effect mediated by using (fewer) high-arousal words.

Support for #dualProcessTheory claims that #emotion can promote #deontological #ethical thinking?

https://doi.org/10.1177/13670069221134193

#xPhi #DecisionScience #socialPsychology

"young autistic people" performed better on the cognitive reflection test than a control group (on average) both when under time pressure and when given time to reflect (N = 206).

https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221132437

#DecisionScience #autism #neurodiverse #dualProcessTheory #psychology #individualDifferences