My latest for Nature Medicine: transgenic pig organs for xenografts transplanted into brain-dead human recipients.

Kidney & heart transplants at NYU, UAB & Maryland. They've succeeded in overcoming hyperacute rejection, but many challenges remain.

#Immunology #Transplantation

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-023-00078-8

'Treatment of chronically infected mice with either αPD-1 or αPD-L1 antibody not only increased effector cell differentiation from the virus-specific stem-like CD8 T cells but also increased their proliferation so their numbers were maintained'

#Immunology #Immunotherapy

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciimmunol.adg0539

"Although marketed CAR-T therapies have shown transformative efficacy for certain blood cancers, widespread adoption, as well as applicability to solid tumours and autoimmune indications, have been limited by safety, efficacy and operational hurdles. These hurdles include high rates of adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), inability to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment typically found in solid tumours, and antigen escape and cell exhaustion that reduce durability."

#CARTCells #Immunotherapy #Immunology

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-023-00140-7

"Most recent studies support the hypothesis that T cells worsen disease, but new research from Su et al.4 reported in this issue of Nature Immunology instead describes brain-infiltrating CD8+ T cells as protectors, not perpetrators, of #Alzheimer’s disease pathology."
#Immunology #Neuroimmunology

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-023-01622-x

"Multivalent antigen display is strongly associated with higher antibody titers and therefore likely has a direct influence on the interaction with B cells. Yet, mechanistic studies in vivo of how antigen valency affects the B cell response are very limited."
#Immunology

https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00367-9

Closing a loop: The entire modern field of regulatory T cells emerged from the ashes of the suppressor T cell field because of experiments showing destruction of the reproductive system following neonatal thymectomy.

"We found that Treg depletion induces severe autoimmune orchitis and epididymitis, manifested by an exacerbated immune cell infiltration [CD4 T cells, monocytes, and mononuclear phagocytes (MPs)] and the development of antisperm antibodies (ASA)."

#Immunology

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2306797120

Nice papers that #neutrophils can also be epigenetically reprogrammed by infection - stemming from effects on stem cells.

Both use #zebrafish as model

#Shigella: https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciadv.adf9706

#Salmonella: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adf9904
#trainedimmunity #immunology #epigenetics

Had a wild shower thought today. I am not an immunologist and I bet I am not the first to have the thought, and maybe it’s naïve, but.

What if my immune system is attacking my skin and joints because that is where the virus that started all of this is hiding?

Surely, we have tried treating psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis with strong antivirals, right? Right? #immunology #autoimmunity #ChronicIllness #spoonie #IVolunteerAsTribute #TestItOnMe

#IDMastodon #Immunology #CovidIsNotOver #getvaccinated @medrxivpreprint the benefits of #COVID19vaccination on symptom severity following #SARSCoV2 infection.💉 is associated with high acute anti–S antibody level but reduced convalescent anti–N antibody level. High anti–S antibody level is associated with reduced duration of infection, reduced infectiousness and may also reduced symptoms severity and number of symptoms.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.05.23295073v1.full.pdf

#IDMastodon understanding the mechanism of cells navigate through tissues is one of the fundamental questions in #biology with great relevance in areas such as #immunology development, and #cancermetastasis.
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciimmunol.adc9584?utm_campaign=SciMag&utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=ownedSocial
https://twitter.com/ScienceMagazine/status/1699618660711596191/video/1

'Our study revealed that, in cancer immunotherapy, there is a strong correlation between clinical outcome and 1-year milestone survival rate, but weak associations with other intermediate endpoints including ORR, disease control rate, and PFS.'
#Immunology #Immunotherapy #immuneoncology

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(23)00333-4/fulltext

"In this review we analyze memory T cell subtypes based on their potential utility in cancer immunoprevention with regard to longevity, localization, activation requirements, and efficacy in fighting cancers."
#Immunology #Immunotherapy

https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article-abstract/211/6/907/265865/Memory-T-Cells-in-the-Immunoprevention-of-Cancer-A?redirectedFrom=fulltext

#IDMastodon #ViralImmunology #Immunology The HLA advantage: Why #COVID19 benched you but not your co-worker ? @sciimmunology
https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciimmunol.adk5067
@Nature
📌 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10396966/
📌 https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230725/Unlocking-the-secrets-of-asymptomatic-COVID-19-infections-HLA-B1501-connection-revealed.aspx

"Here we find, in a clinical cohort of at-risk infants, broad spectrum antibiotic treatment, including cephalosporins, increased the risk of late-onset sepsis in neonates in comparison to penicillin base treatments"
#Preprint #Immunology #MucosalImmunology

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.04.23295031v1

#IDMastodon #Immunology #Innateimmunity & #DNA repair are critical sense-response systems that have evolved to protect cells from external & internal threats: tumors, invading pathogens, toxic agents, physical wounds. Both sys are the focus of intense research & #DrugDiscovery activity to enable more effective therapies for cancer & debilitating #autoimmune & #inflammatorydiseases
https://www.bellbrooklabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/The-DNA-Damage-Response-and-Innate-Immunity-v08252023.pdf

'Recent description of the developmental stages along the differentiation trajectory of T cell exhaustion has provided insight into past immunotherapeutic success and future opportunities. Here, we discuss the hallmarks of distinct developmental stages occurring along the path to T cell dysfunction and the impact of these discrete CD8+ T cell fates on cancer immunotherapy.'
#Immunology

https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciimmunol.adg3868

No #evidence of durable trained #immunity after two doses of adenovirus-vectored or #mRNA #COVID19 #vaccines, J Clin Invest.: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI171742 #research #immunology

#IDMastodon #Molecularbiology #Microbiology #Immunology
Causal effects of the #gutmicrobiome on #COVID19 susceptibility and severity .This study found that some microbial taxa were protective factors or risky factors for #COVID19
18 known microbial taxa were causally associated with #COVID19.
Among them,
- 6 microbial taxa were causally associated with #COVID susceptibility .
- 7 microbial taxa associated with COVID19 severity ;
- 5 microbial taxa associatesdwith COVID19 hospitalization.

#IDMastodon #Immunology These results demonstrate that serial #Covid19vaccination strategies can be effective for a subset of #Bcell–depleted patients. While #Bcell depletion is associated with attenuated antibody responses to #SARSCoV2. #COVID19 Vaccination responses vary among individuals.
https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/168102?utm_content=buffer33a64&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer

How do we solve a problem like tuberculosis?

#tuberculosis #TB #microbiology #immunology #publichealth #AMR #pupulatioscience #laboratoryscience #vaccines

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-023-01477-w?utm_source=nmicrobiol_etoc&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=toc_41564_8_9&utm_content=20230831