#IDMastodon #Cellimmunity #Immunology @cellpress
Overview #Innateimmunity & #Interferon in #SarsCoV2 infection outcome
Nearly 700 Mil people worldwide have been infected with 🦠 the cause of #COVID19 @WHO 6.8 million people are known to have died from infection. Vaccination clearly protects against #COVID19 severity, wherein humoral immunity is the major biomarker & mediator of disease protection.1 Importantly, prior to vaccination and in nonvaccinated persons today

'Here, we used CRISPR-based loss-of-function screens to identify a markedly limited set of ISGs that confer interferon-mediated suppression of a model alphavirus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV). We show via combinatorial gene targeting that three antiviral effectors—ZAP, IFIT3, and IFIT1—together constitute the majority of interferon-mediated restriction of VEEV, while accounting for < 0.5% of the interferon-induced transcriptome.'

#Immunology #Virology #Interferon

https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embr.202356901

Issue 14:
Highlight on #ROR1 and #pancreatic #malignancy

Review on viral recognition and #antiviral #interferon response

#Autophagy news from plants and mammals
How #p97 disassembles a regulatory protein complex
Developmental #axon pruning by a #phospholipid #scramblase

Cover: Elisa Nerli, Caren Norden and colleagues

https://www.embopress.org/toc/14602075/2023/42/14

New review by Rune Hartmann and colleagues:
Viral recognition and the #antiviral #interferon response
https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2022112907

“A new study published in the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Diseases journal found an immune system biomarker in the blood was higher in people with chronic #Lyme disease symptoms, even after they were treated with antibiotics.

That means the long-term symptoms in patients with high levels of the biomarker, called #interferon-alpha, may not be due to an ongoing infection, but instead may be due to the body's immune response causing chronic inflammation”

"Our investigation reveals that the fetal HSCs respond to T. gondii infection with virulence-dependent changes in proliferation, self-renewal potential, and lineage output. Furthermore, maternal IFNγ crosses the fetal–maternal interface, where it is perceived by fetal HSCs."

#Immunology #Interferon #Toxoplasma

https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2022112693

Our new study showing that the #SARSCoV2 #Omicron (but not the #Delta) variant induces an #interferon response that inhibits #Influenza A virus replication. #COVID19 1/2

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmv.28686

#Interferon-inducible #phospholipids govern #IFITM3-dependent #endosomal #antiviral immunity

#Phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-trisphosphate enhances inhibition of #endocytic viral entry via binding to the intracellular loop of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3

Anna Kajaste-Rudnitski, Giulia Unali et al

https://www.embopress.org/doi/10.15252/embj.2022112234

The dose & duration of type I #interferon exposure is interpreted by a signaling module with a stimulus-contingent positive feedback loop. A secondary potentiated phase of ISGF3 activates pro-inflammatory gene expression ➡️ https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/msb.202211294 #cellsignaling #SystemsBiology
from Alex Hoffmann, UCLA

'The results provide evidence that elevated IFNα levels act directly on B cells to facilitate autoantibody production and further highlight the importance of IFN signaling as a potential therapeutic target in SLE.'

#immunology #interferon #Lupus #SLE #AutoAntibodies #Autoimmunity

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/art.42482

Viral mimicry of a #DCAF #ubiquitin #ligase adaptor: #CryoEM shows how rodent #cytomegalovirus #CMV E27/M27 hijacks host cell #CRL4 #cullin-RING E3s to degrade #STAT2 and suppress #antiviral #interferon signaling
https://www.embopress.org/doi/10.15252/embj.2022112351

Please Retweet!

This week's COVID newsletter is out!

In this issue:
📈XBB.1.5 is 75% of cases in US
💉1 shot of #InterferonLambda ⬇️hospitalizations by 50% for ALL variants. Why is it not used?
🦠New biomarkers for #MECFS and ? #LongCOVID

and much more
https://drruth.substack.com/p/covid-news-21123

#COVID #LongCOVID #MECFS #Vaccines #XBB #microbiome #interferon

Pegylated #interferon lambda for the treatment of #COVID19 .

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2209760

In the middle of an excellent seminar in which Matthias Gromeier presented work on Cancer Immunotherapy with Recombinant Poliovirus, the Zoom session was ended and no luck from the organization's side to restart. 😭

The first 10-15min showed work linking back to original work and ideas from Albert Sabin and David Bodian. Specific targeting of #DendriticCells and #Macrophages, #interferon response.

Hopefully they recorded the seminar.

#cancer #immunotherapy

One-and-done injection halves risk of COVID hospitalization in large trial

An injectable interferon drug significantly reduced the risk that people with COVID-19 would be hospitalized with the disease.

#Covid19 #MedicalTrials #Interferon #Covid #CovidIsNotOver #MedMastodon

https://www.livescience.com/one-and-done-injection-halves-risk-of-covid-hospitalization-in-large-trial

'In summary, we demonstrate that human T cells possess a functional cGAS-STING signaling pathway that can contribute to antiviral immunity. However, regardless of its potential antiviral role, the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway negatively affects T cell function at multiple levels'

Kuhl et al @emboreports

#Immunology #STING #Interferon

https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embr.202255536

"We report that out of 501 patients with SLE analyzed, 73 (14%) present autoantibodies against IFNα (anti-IFN-Abs). The presence of neutralizing-anti-IFN-Abs in 4.2% of patients inversely correlates with low circulating IFNα protein levels, inhibition of IFN-I downstream gene signatures, and inactive global disease score."

#Immunology #Lupus #Interferon #AutoAntibodies

https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-medicine/fulltext/S2666-3791(22)00473-6

"Using a novel multi-cell type, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived lung organoid (LO) system, validated against primary lung cells, we found that inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production and #interferon (IFN) responses are dynamically regulated autonomously within the lung following #SARSCoV2 infection, an intrinsic defense mechanism mediated by surfactant proteins"

#Preprint

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.01.26.525578v1

RT @Lo_Zanzi@twitter.com

#SameSameButDifferent! Fascinating study by Segura &co ⁦@NatImmunol@twitter.com⁩! The transcriptional repressors ETV3 and ETV6 not only inhibit #interferon stimulated gene induction but also suppress MAFB favoring differentiation of monocytes in dendritic cells https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-022-01374-0

🐦🔗: https://twitter.com/Lo_Zanzi/status/1606004240635367424

'Studies with a fluorescent version of Rapalink-1 and a PEG-linked fluorescent marker control showed that such linked molecules in general might be achieving cellular entry via the IFITM proteins, which is a rather surprising result.'

#DrugDiscovery #DrugDevelopment #Interferon

https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/huge-molecules-hitching-ride-cells