"As far as a particular hypothesis is concerned, no test based upon the theory of probability can by itself provide any valuable evidence of the truth or falsehood of that hypothesis.

Without hoping to know whether each separate hypothesis is true or false, we may search for rules to govern our behavior with regard to them, in following which we insure that, in the long run of experience, we shall not be too often wrong."

#Neyman #Pearson

On the Problem of the Most Efficient Tests of Statistical Hypotheses
J. Neyman and E. S. Pearson
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A,Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character
Vol. 231 (1933), pp. 289-337

https://www.jstor.org/stable/91247?seq=1