extracellular vesicles from 3 #periodontal pathogens (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, F. alocis) and 1 oral commensal (S. oralis) induced the differentiation and activation of ex vivo mouse #osteoclast precursors, while EV's from a gut probiotic (L. reuteri) did not. In TLR2-/- cells EV's did not induce differentiation except for minor action for EV's 1 of which activated TLR4. Similarly, Disruption of lipoproteins and LPS on EV's reduced differentiation

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18412-4

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