"Tonga volcano triggered seafloor debris stampede"

"Last year's Tonga volcanic eruption produced the fastest underwater flows ever recorded, scientists say.

Huge volumes of rock, ash and mud were clocked moving across the ocean floor at speeds of up to 122km/h (75mph)."

#geology #volcanism

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-66731845

TheOnion: Safety Campaign Teaches New Parents That Babies Can Die In Just 1 Or 2 Inches Of Lava https://www.theonion.com/safety-campaign-teaches-new-parents-that-babies-can-die-1850797333?utm_source=regular #cardiopulmonaryresuscitation #disasteraccident #igneousrocks #moltenrock #leomiller #volcanism #education #lava

This large amethyst geode is on display in the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh. It formed 130 million years ago when there was intense volcanism in Brazil. Enough lava was produced to cover the British Isles in 3.2 km of lava flows. Amethyst then crystallised in cavities in the solidified lava

#TeamQuartz #MinCup23 #minerals #mineral #volcanism @MineralCup 11/?

Nature does what she can, but only humans can solve the #ClimateCrisis - "Volcanoes and wildfires offset 20% of global heating over eight years - Events that inject smoke and gas into high atmosphere help to cool planet but are no solution to climate crisis, says study

Explosive #volcanic eruptions and #wildfires have offset global heating by around a fifth over the last eight years, a study shows. In particular the eruption of Calbuco in southern Chile in 2015 and the 2019-20 Australian wildfires injected vast amounts of smoke and gas into the high atmosphere, which helped to cool the planet by absorbing heat leaving the Earth and reflecting sunlight back to space.

Pengfei Yu from Jinan University in China and his colleagues used data gathered by high altitude balloons over the Tibetan plateau and the US to model the cooling impact of stratospheric volcanic eruptions – those that inject ash into the high atmosphere – and wildfires.

Their results, which are published in Geophysical Research Letters, show that these events have produced a greater than average amount of cooling in recent years. This is partly because there were more low-latitude events where smoke and gas is transported quickly around the globe by high-level winds and remains suspended for longer than events closer to the poles.

The study also showed, however, that the rapid increase in greenhouse-gas warming means that the cooling effect from wildfires and volcanic eruptions is diminishing and cannot be relied on to offset global heating in the coming decades."

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/aug/23/volcanoes-and-wildfires-offset-20-of-global-heating-over-eight-years

Link to original paper here - https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023GL103791

#ClimateCrisis #ClimateEmergency #Climate #Klima #Klimakrise #ClimateDiary #Volcanism #Geophysics

#Moon Heat Anomaly Appears to Be a New Form of Lunar #Volcanism

https://www.sciencealert.com/moon-heat-anomaly-appears-to-be-a-new-form-of-lunar-volcanism

An #Earth-sized #planet orbiting a dim star in our galactic neighbourhood is offering some of the best evidence to date of #volcanism beyond our solar system

https://www.hindustantimes.com/science/earthsized-alien-planet-gripped-by-widespread-volcanism-report-101684362764130.html #press

@NewScience101

Thanks. Found a cool metareview writeup from 2011
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0262407911624044 (€)
or here:
https://sci-hubtw.hkvisa.net/10.1016/S0262-4079(11)62404-4
It covers <today's> #ClimateChange with regards to #earthquakes #seaquakes and #volcanism due to ice loss and resulting crust rebound – and also from #SeaLevelRise .
#SLR causes quakes and eruptions near coasts, the article says. Whereas away from coasts in the ocean, the added weight quietens fault lines and volcanos.

Cool metareview writeup from 2011
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0262407911624044 (€)
or here:
https://sci-hubtw.hkvisa.net/10.1016/S0262-4079(11)62404-4
It covers #ClimateChange with regards to today's #quakes and #volcanism due to ice loss and resulting crust rebound – and also due to #SeaLevelRise from ice melt .

Tl;dr We're in for quakes, volcano eruptions, landslides and #tsunami : all caused by ice loss... Not necessarily increased in numbers when looking at a long timespan like a century or so. But the events will be occurring in clusters – because all events will be having the same trigger: ice melt from ClimateChange, heinously brought to you by the people working at #Exxon #Shell #RWE #Audi #Porsche #Mercedes #Ford #Renault #Mitsubishi #Toyota #Lufthansa #KLM #VirginAir #Quantas #AirNewZealand

Sea level rise itself only puts stress on a near-coastal #FaultLine or #volcano, causing faults to slip sooner which were already near-slipping, or volcanos to erupt sooner.
(But: what makes a fault to be near-slipping or volcanos to be near-eruption? Stress of course. And what increases stress on all coastal faults or volcanos, and simultaneously? Climate change of course. So... I'd actually suspect the number of events to be increasing, as well. )

Away from the coasts in the oceans, #SLR quietens fault lines and underwater volcanos due to the extra weight, the article says.
( #HungaTonga is an underwater volcano, caused a tsunami January 2021, and increased water vapor in the Southern STRATOsphere by 5% .
Sea level rise?
And were the landslides / quakes that caused tsunamis in 2004 and 2011 far out in the ocean, or were they close enough to the coast to have been triggered by sea level rise? )

Also mentioned: the temporary de(!)crease in sea level by 20cm on Easter Island before an #ElNino raises the monthly #earthquake numbers from average 5 to 8 ^^

Once enough weight is lifted, dormant volcanos and dormant fault lines in #Antarctica will be triggered, the article says.
Crust rebound, quakes and volcanic eruptions from shedding ice is also particularly problematic in #Iceland.

"Here we shed new light on explosive #volcanism during the HMP [the High Medieval Period, 1100–1300 CE], drawing on analysis of contemporary reports of total #LunarEclipses, from which we derive a time series of stratospheric turbidity. By combining this new record with aerosol model simulations and tree-ring-based climate proxies, we refine the estimated dates of five notable eruptions and associate each with stratospheric #aerosol veils": https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05751-z

Sinuous Channels East Of Olympus Mons, Mars - Implications For Volcanic, Hydrological, And Tectonic Processes
--
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114798 <-- paper
-
"HIGHLIGHTS:
• [They] mapped channels and fossae within the volcanic plains east of Olympus Mons.
• Late Amazonian channels east of Olympus Mons formed by eruptions of lava or water.
• Fossae morphologies correspond to episodes of magmatic dike and sill emplacement.
• Loading of Olympus Mons may control magmatic ascent processes and eruption types..."
-
#GIS #spatial #mapping #volcanism #tectonics #Mars #surface #interior #geologicalprocesses #remotesensing #map #geology #extraterrestrial ##OlympusMons #volcanic #water #hydrology #hydrospatial #lava #fossae #morphology #geomorphology #magma #dike #sill #eruption #plains #traps #facies #map #survey #fluvial #bedrock #erosion #weathering #groundwater #surfacewater #regolith #lahar #meltwater #snow #ice #isostatic #HiRISE #CTX #imagery #chronostratigraphic #model #modeling #gischat

About the #Magellan evidence for active #volcanism on
#Venus there was also a press conference: a recording can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hicPqF5wS8

#StandingStoneSunday is a thing? Then I offer this.

Rock spire towers over the Crooked River at Smith Rock State Park in #Oregon

Considered one of Oregon's 7 Wonders (tourism marketing term I had not heard until...now) and considered one of the top climbing areas in the state.

A story 29 million years in the making, find out why the Crooked River Caldera is both unique, and also may not be a singular event in Oregon's history.

This is the short version of Nick Zentner's breathless hike to discuss the uniqueness of the park and its rocks.

Worth the time to discover why this# caldera is more similar to Yellowstone than Newberry, Mt. Mazama (Crater Lake) or Medicine Lake calderas.

#Rocks #Geology #PNW #Volcanism

https://youtu.be/9QsT14vwBZM

Ars Technica: New imaging finds trigger for massive global warming 56 million years ago https://arstechnica.com/?p=1909428 #Tech #arstechnica #IT #Technology #climatechange #Earthscience #oceanography #volcanism #Science #geology #PETM

#Marsquakes, recent #volcanism suggest #Mars still has a mantle plume:

https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/marsquakes-recent-volcanism-suggest-mars-still-has-a-mantle-plume/

Marsquakes, recent volcanism suggest Mars still has a mantle plume - Enlarge / One of the rifts in the Cerebrus Fossae area, potentially cre... - https://arstechnica.com/?p=1902595 #planetaryscience #astronomy #volcanism #science #geology #insight #mars

Eruptive activity startet at Mt Etna today:

Bad weather with fresh snow and storm prevented the observation of Etna via webcams the whole day. But around 17:30 (UTC), glow was visible at the eastern to northeastern base of New Southeast Crater at about 2800 - 3000 m altitude. Due to the bad weather conditions, I cannot yet say whether an eruptive fissure has opened there or if lava is moving from further up of the South East Crater. The tremor continues to fluctuate in the medium range with short spikes to just above high level.

#etna #eruption #volcano #volcanology #volcanism

It’s a little chilly outside today, so here’s an image of one of my paintings to warm us all up. It shows a landscape from a planet that’s still in the process of formation with evidence of meteoric bombardment and volcanism. Acrylic on canvas, from my Rainbow Portfolio. #meteor #volcanism #volcano #lava #sciart #painting

#NASA #Study: Massive #Volcanism May Have Altered Ancient #Venus’ #Climate

How #Humanity Is #Illuminating Life : Human Progress

#ClimateChange from A to Z : NewYorker

Check our most popular #KnowledgeLinks

https://knowledgezone.co.in/resources/bookmarks

#Introduction -- Howdy howdy! I am #postdoc at the University of Washington. I use #pollen to study disturbance #ecology of ancient ecosystems. Particularly interested in #volcanism and #fire during the #Miocene of the Pacific Northwest. Thrilled to be here!

#Etna update:

On 15 November 2022, Etna experienced a significant uplift in the summit area, which was accompanied by strong fluctuations of the tremor, as well as some weak earthquakes. However, there was no eruptive activity or other visible events.

In the past 14 days, gas emissions at Etna's summit craters continued to be concentrated at Bocca Nuova, where there was vigorous and pulse-like gas release.
At the Southeast Crater complex, some gas was persistently emitted from the breach or the central crater area. Some gas was also persistently emitted from the northern summit area of New Southeast Crater. A hot spot on the inner western crater wall of the breach was visible as a small glowing spot during the nights.
At Voragine and Northeast Crater, the webcams continued to show little significant gas release.

As reported by INGV, a significant change in the clinometric readings occurred in the early morning of 15 November. The first change occurred between 01:00 and 01:30 and the second between 03:50 and 04:30. In total, there was a change in the slope of almost one microradian, indicating an uplift that occurred in the area of the summit. At the same time, the DRUV station on Monte Ruvolo (western flank) showed significant variations in dilatometric data. No changes occurred after 05:00 [1].

The online seismograms of station ECNE were characterised by persistent noise during the phases of increased tremor, which wiped out most of the other signals. Otherwise, long-period signals appeared regularly.
The tremor decreased somewhat from 06/11 and then fluctuated at a medium level. On 14/11 there was a rapid increase to a high level, before the tremor temporarily dropped rapidly to a low level on 15/11. It then rose rapidly in the evening of this day, just reaching high level and staying there for a few hours. On 16/11 tremor declined with fluctuations and stabilised at a medium level [2].
In the evening of 15/11 the source of the tremor was located below Bocca Nuova at an altitude of about 3000 m [1].

On 07/11 two earthquakes occurred west of Bronte (northwest flank), reaching magnitudes of 1.7 and 1.9, respectively. On 12/11 a quake of magnitude 1.6 occurred in Piano Pernicana (northeast flank). On 12/11 a quake of magnitude 1.7 was registered southeast of Paternò (south west flank). On 15/11 several very weak (magnitude less than 1.5) quakes occurred in the area of the Southeast Crater complex. On 15th and 16th November two quakes occurred in Piano Pernicana with magnitudes of 1.5 and 2.0, respectively [3].

My interpretation of the data and speculations about the further development:
Probably a larger amount of magma temporarily rose on 15th November, as the clinometric data showed a rapid and significant change in the slope of the mountain flank in the early morning of that day. In addition, several weak earthquakes occurred simultaneously at the Southeast Crater complex. Afterwards, the tremor, which had been elevated for months before, dropped significantly. Since there was no eruptive activity, it can be assumed that the rising magma was stored inside the mountain. It probably spread along the rift zones. At least the Pernicana fault on the northeast flank reacted to the changes in the mountain with some weak earthquakes. It is therefore conceivable that the magma migrated north/northeast from the Southeast Crater complex towards the northeast rift zone. After a temporary strong and rapid increase of the tremor, it has levelled off again at a medium level. The situation has thus returned to normal since 16 November. It is quite possible that the event of 15 November is the prelude to further similar events. Therefore, in my opinion, the probability of the return of eruptive activity within the next few weeks, especially at the Southeast Crater complex, has increased significantly.

Sources:

1 - INGV-Sezione di Catania. 2022. Comunicati attività vulcanica. 15/11/2022 19:47 - COMUNICATO ETNA
2 - INGV-Sezione di Catania. 2022. Home. TREMORE VULCANICO. ECNE
3 - INGV. Osservatorio Etneo. Sorveglianza e Monitoraggio. DATABASE TERREMOTI. Localizzazioni di sala operativa. 2022.

#volcanology #volcanism #sicily #INGV